In the literature, jealousy and other hypothesized adaptations are
simply compared to their negation (a comparison which, by the way, assumes
without argument that some variants lacked the trait in question) in a
verbal model that has absolutely zero scientific significance.
In fact, it is not just a completely natural occurrence in our models,
it is absolutely unavoidable.
Considering all of the possible negative outcomes of appeal, the risks
associated with an appeal are high, and most defendants are usually
reluctant to appeal unless they feel it is absolutely necessary.