-
We, therefore, begin with a set of reference cases in which the
emissions of CO2 follow a range of stabilization pathways, the emissions of CH4, N2O
and SO2 are assumed to remain constant at their 1990 levels, and halocarbons follow
the Montreal Protocol scenario used in the SAR WGI (Section 6.3)
global
mean
temperature
Event
and sea level calculations.
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-
Global
CO2
emissions related to energy and
industry
Event
(Figure 2a) and land-use changes (Figure
2b) from 1900 to 1990, and for the 40 SRES scenarios from 1990 to 2100, shown as an
index (1990 = 1).
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-
After greenhouse gas
concentrations have stabilised,
global
average surface
temperatures
Event
would rise at a rate of only a few tenths
of a degree per century rather than several degrees per century as projected for the
21st century without stabilisation.
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-
On the other hand, global warming (as well as global
cooling) refers specifically to any change in the global average surface
temperature. In other words,
global
warming or
cooling
Event
is one type of planetary scale climate
change.
[
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-
The small island
states are extremely vulnerable to
global
climate
change
Event
and global sea-level rise.
[
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]
-
For another,
global
warming
Event
is still in its early stages.
[
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]
-
After initial increases over
the next two to three decades,
global
sulfur
emissions
Event
in the SRES scenarios decrease (see Table
1b), consistent with the findings of the 1995 IPCC scenario evaluation and recent
peer-reviewed literature.
[
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-
Some of the current knowledge about climate change
impacts, vulnerability, and adaptation is synthesized here along five reasons for
concern: unique and threatened systems,
global
aggregate
impacts
Event
, distribution of impacts, extreme weather
events, and large-scale singular events.
[
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Over the shortest time scales of centuries, decades and even
individual years,
global
climate
Event
is influenced by changes in the amount of
energy from the Sun and the effects of major volcanic eruptions.
[
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]
-
That is to say,
global
warming
Event
is now considered most probably to be due
to the enhanced greenhouse effect.
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ENCY 0 MCLH 03/04/2016
]
-
These slow millennial scale changes in
global
climate
Event
have also imposed a number of vastly
differing climates on what is now Canada.
[
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]
-
Global
mean temperature
change
Event
from 1990 as projected by the
one-dimensional upwelling-diffusion model described in Section 4.2 for emission
scenario IS92a, for climate sensitivities of 1.5, 2.5 and 4.5 ° C and with aerosol
emissions increasing (solid lines) or constant after 1990 (dashed lines). Reproduced
from SAR WGI (Figure 6.20).
[
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]
-
Global
warming
Event
, it is believed, is largely the result of
man-made pollution of the atmosphere with excess greenhouse gases.
[
ENCY 0 MCLH 03/04/2016
]
-
Global
emissions
Event
of HFC-23 increased by an estimated 12 %
between 1990 and 1995 as a result of a similar increase in the global production of
HCFC-22.
[
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]
-
Based on scientific research, European leaders believe
that the
global
average
temperature
Event
increase should be limited to a maximum 2ºC
above pre-industrial levels, which would still allow us to cope with the changes and
effects.
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]
-
Will it 'recover' to
pre-ozone-hole values? Has the recovery already begun?
Global
ozone
recovery
Event
is expected to follow decreases in chlorine
and bromine loading in the stratosphere as ODS concentrations decline due to
reductions in their emissions.
[
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]
or