Afforestation and reforestation projects can have positive, neutral, or negative impacts depending on the level of biodiversity of the non-forest ecosystem being replaced Support , the scale one considers, and other design and implementation issues [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Associated impacts can include reduced crop production, increased animal production if the land is grazed, increased biodiversity of native grass ecosystems Support if they are reestablished, increased wildlife habitat, reduced erosion, etc. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

However, in many cases, loss of biodiversity from diverse and extensive ecosystems Support due to climate change does not necessarily imply loss of productivity as there is a degree of redundancy in most ecosystems; the contribution to production by a species that is lost from an ecosystem may be replaced by another species. [ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MG MCLH 23/03/2016 ]

Coastal and inland wetlands have very high Degree animal Support biodiversity and also contribute to the region 's genetic diversity. [