The SRES scenarios include the possibility of either increases or decreases in anthropogenic aerosols (e.g., sulphate aerosols (Figure 5c), biomass aerosols, black and organic carbon aerosols) depending on the extent of fossil fuel use and policies to abate polluting emissions Patient . [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Actions taken to abate GHG emissions Patient or to increase carbon sinks divert resources from other alternative uses. [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

In general, the cost of an emission pathway increases with the amount of emissions that Patient must be abated at any pointin time Time . [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 DMT 04/11/2012 ]

The literature being brought to bear on climate change mitigation increasingly shows that policies lying beyond simply reducing GHG emissions from a specified baseline to minimize costs can be extremely effective in abating the emission of GHGs Patient . [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

This natural process of absorption has benefited humankind by significantly reducing the greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere and abating some of the impacts of global warming Patient . [XYZ WG1AR5CN 0 MCLH 18/03/2014 ]

The calculation of HFC-23 emissions requires data not only on the quantities of HCFC-22 produced (the activity) and the rate of emission (which is influenced by process design and operating culture) but also on the extent to which emissions Patient are abated . [XYZ 4IPCCSROCSPMTS 0 DMT 04/11/2012 ]

Table TS-12 summarizes emission Patient abatement opportunities with increased application of HC-600a refrigerant. [XYZ 4IPCCSROCSPMTS 0 GC 21/11/2012 ]

Some argue that such change might substantially lower and perhaps even eliminate the costs of CO2 Patient abatement policies. [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 GC 21/11/2012 ]

In the industrial sector, costs for carbon emission Patient abatement are estimated to range from negative (i.e., no regrets, where reductions can be made at a profit), to around US $ 300/tC9. [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 GC 21/11/2012 ]

In most scenarios, emissions Patient abatement becomes progressively more constraining over time. Most analyses indicate that notwithstanding significant penetration of CCS systems by 2050, the majority of CCS deployment will occur in the second half of this century. [XYZ 5IPCCDYOXYDE 0 GC 21/11/2012 ]

Industrial uses of captured CO2 as a gas or liquid or as a feedstock in chemical processes that produce valuable carbon-containing products are possible, but are not expected to contribute to significant Degree abatement of CO2 emissions Patient . [XYZ d'après 5IPCCDYOXYDE 0 GC MCLH 06/04/2014 ]

The effectiveness and the costs and benefits of an international climate change regime (such as the Kyoto Protocol or other possible future agreements) depend on the number of signatories to the agreement and their Agent abatement targets and/or policy commitment. [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 GC MCLH 21/11/2012 ]

In other words, we should not renounce decreasing greenhouse gas emissions with the excuse, still to be proven, that simultaneously creating ' sinks', especially by afforestation, Destination will absorb these emissions Patient . [XYZ JACLET 0 MG TK 10/04/2012 ]

Climatic changes during recent decades Cause could also be causing the terrestrial biosphere Destination to absorb a significant of amount carbon (SAR WGI: Sections 2.1.1 and 9.2.3.1) Patient . [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MG TK MCLH 16/04/2012 ]

The ocean Destination can absorb a lot of the supplementary carbon Patient , thus 'liberating' the atmosphere during a few hundred years; however it is a very slow process. [XYZ JACLET 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

As trees die and burn, forests Destination absorb less carbon dioxide Patient , again leading to higher surface air temperatures as well as fierce and uncontrollable forest fires. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

In the Amazon forest, scientists have noted that bigger, faster-growing trees bigger, faster-growing trees that Destination absorb more CO2 Patient are flourishing at the expense of others. [XYZ CLIMATECHANGEYOUTH 0 MG TK MCLH 16/04/2012 ]

Paradoxically, oceans reduce global warming. Indeed, they Destination largely Degree absorb the most important of the greenhouse effect gases : carbon dioxide or CO2 Patient . [XYZ NEWCOURIER2005 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Simulations predict that the ocean Destination will absorb three quarters of the excess carbon Patient , and the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere will be 450 ppmv. [XYZ JACLET 0 MG TK MCLH 16/04/2012 ]

Our habitat helps moderate climate change (since forests Destination can absorb carbon Patient ), prevents erosion (a cause of flooding), and provides natural resources for industry and energy production. [XYZ 1EUROPAENV 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Consequently the capacity of the of the ocean Destination to absorb carbon Patient would also diminish in a warmer world. [XYZ JACLET 0 MG TK MCLH 22/05/2017 ]

Oceans Destination absorb a large quantity of the greenhouse effect gases that are emitted Patient . [XYZ NEWCOURIER2005 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

The creation of sinks by reforestation implies a delicate equilibrium between growth (when flourishing, forests Destination absorb about as much carbon as they emit Patient ) and exploitation. [XYZ JACLET 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

This absorbed energy is then radiated in all directions, some back to the surface and some upwards where other absorbing molecules molecules Destination at higher levels in the atmosphere are ready to absorb the energy Patient again Frequency . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2013 ]

GWPs measure the influence greenhouse gases have on the natural greenhouse effect, including ability of the greenhouse gas molecules Destination to absorb or trap heat Patient and the length of time greenhouse gas molecules remain in the atmosphere before being removed or broken down, the atmospheric lifetime. [XYZ ENCY 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2013 ]

Aerosols Destination also absorb infrared radiation Patient to some extent Degree . [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MG TK MCLH 22/05/2017 ]

This 1 % is made up of a variety of particles and gases that Destination reflect, absorb , and re-emit significant amounts of both incoming solar radiation and outgoing heat energy Patient . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2013 ]

A number of naturally occurring minor gases within the atmosphere, most of which are relatively transparent to incoming sunlight Destination , absorb most of the infrared heat energy being transmitted by the Earth towards space Patient . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2012 ]

Aerosol radiative effects occur in two distinct ways: (i) the direct effect, whereby aerosols themselves Destination scatter and absorb solar and thermal infrared radiation Patient , and (ii) the indirect effect, whereby aerosols modify the microphysical and hence the radiative properties and amount of clouds. [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MG TK 03/08/2013 ]

Like carbon dioxide, methane is a greenhouse gas whose molecules Destination absorb heat trying to escape to space Patient . [XYZ ENCY 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2013 ]

However, these gases Destination absorb much of the outgoing heat energyradiated by the earth itself Patient , and return much of this energy back towards the surface. [XYZ 6CANADAQFP 0 MG TK 03/08/2013 ]

These include sulphate aerosols and soot from the burning of fossil fuels , biomass aerosols from the burning of vegetation , and mineral dust from agricultural activities . Some, like soot Destination , are dark and thus absorb sunlight Patient and warm the atmosphere. [XYZ 6CANADAQFP 0 MG TK 03/08/2013 ]

Many halocarbons, including CFCs, PFCs, HFCs and HCFCs , are effective GHGs because they Destination absorb Earth 's outgoing infrared radiation in a spectral range Patient where energy is not removed by CO2 or water vapour (sometimes referred to as the atmospheric window, see Figure TS-2). [XYZ 4IPCCSROCSPMTS 0 MG TK MCLH 03/08/2013 ]

Shorter wavelength sunlight passes through the atmosphere relatively unimpeded, although the ozone layer Destination does absorb a lot of higher wavelength ultraviolet energy Patient . [XYZ ENCY 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Besides reflecting incoming solar radiation, clouds Destination also absorb large quantities of outgoing heat radiation Patient . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Besides reflecting incoming solar radiation, clouds Destination also absorb large quantities of outgoing heat radiation Patient . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MG TK MCLH 22/05/2017 ]

Human activities - primarily burning of fossil fuels and changes in land cover - are modifying the concentration of atmospheric constituents or properties of the surface that Destination absorb or scatter radiant energy Patient . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Forests Destination absorb a lot of sunlight Patient for photosynthesis Purpose , and only about 12 to 15 % is reflected. [XYZ ENCY 0 MG TK MCLH 16/04/2012 ]

Clouds Destination can both absorb and reflect solar radiation (thereby cooling the surface) Patient and absorb and emit long wave radiation (thereby warming the surface). [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MG TK 16/04/2012 ]

Biological/ecological measures regarding population size, abundance, and distribution of target species Patient were included in nearly all recovery plans. [XYZ COMPLIANCE1AUSTRALIA 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

A summary of this species’ Patient distribution, abundance, habitat associations, and breeding success throughout New Mexico was completed by NMDGF in 2006 [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Though we did not find any significant difference between substrates in terms of the number, abundance, and biomass of threatened species Patient , several of these species like B. ligerica and A. lacustre populated the artificial hard-substrates in high abundances. [XYZ ARTIFICIAL STRUCTURES 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

¸examine which local and landscape variables are related to observed species Patient richness, abundance and differences in composition. [XYZ AMPHIBIAN1MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

In determining national endangered, threatened, and extinction status, the total range and abundance of the species Patient must be considered. [XYZ ENDANGERED PLANTS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Shrubs and trees provide perching and nesting sites and may enhance the diversity and abundance of potential prey species Patient . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Birds of prey, such as the Ferruginous Hawk, are attracted by the abundance of small mammals Patient . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Differences in animal Patient presence and abundance between sites in contiguous areas of native eucalypt forest and sites in eucalypt remnants surrounded by stands of Radiata Pine Location (Lindenmayer, 2009b). [XYZ CASE VS COMPLACENCY 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The best available and most current information pertaining to conservation status, distribution and abundance of animals Patient in Utah Location is used to compile this list. [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES OF UTAH 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Recent survey completed in 2013 show that total population Patient size and abundance in NM Location is 48,006 individuals (density among habitat types: 172 – 326 mussels/ m2; Inoue et. al., 2014). [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Distribution and abundance of fishes of the Canadian River Patient below Ute Dam, Quay County, New Mexico Location , with emphasis on the federally threatened Arkansas River shiner, Notropis girardi. [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The distribution and abundance of threatened species Patient across forest fragments Location varied markedly (Fig. 3). [XYZ AMPHIBIAN1MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The distribution and abundance of endangered species Patient in the study sites Location were obtained using species classified as critically endangered (CR), endangered (EN) and vulnerable (VU) according to the Red List of Threatened Species managed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature [24]. [XYZ AMPHIBIAN1MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Abundance in occupied habitats Location is variable Descriptor , ranging from fewer than 100 adults in the smallest to several thousand adults in the largest (Propst and Stefferud, 1997). [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

A small species of snail Patient , abundant on rocks in the intertidal areas of southern Labrador Location was also extensively eaten. [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The fish prefer slow-flowing stretches of water, with a substrate of mud and aquatic plant roots. They Patient are also abundant in natural spring-fed marshes (ciénegas), channels, and pools along this watercourse Location . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

They take advantage of the abundant prey Patient along the open coastline and tidal flats Location . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Moreover, it occupies a wide range of forest types spanning an elevational gradient from sea level to 1400 m and the species Patient can be locally Expanse abundant in suitable habitat Location . [XYZ CASE VS COMPLACENCY 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

For example, the American alligator Patient is locally Expanse abundant across the southeastern United States Location . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES OF UTAH 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

When the American bald eagle was chosen as the national symbol for the United States in the 1780s, the bird Patient was abundant throughout the country Location . [XYZ CITIZENS GUIDE ESA 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Studies indicate that the Pecos gambusia Patient is more Degree abundant in spring-fed waters Location , but it may also do well in less spring-like waters if there is enough cover from above to buffer temperature changes. [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Australia supported a wide range of native mammal species that Patient were once widespread and abundant (Bilney et al., 2009), a number of which are now either extinct or are rare and occupy less than 1–5% of their former range (Dickman, 2007). [XYZ CASE VS COMPLACENCY 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

When a species does not meet listing under a higher category of threat (for widespread and abundant taxa Patient ) [XYZ CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Half of the species detected are under threat of extinction according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, and although their distribution and abundance varied markedly, there were also ubiquitous and abundant species Patient , along with rare species of restricted distribution. [XYZ AMPHIBIAN1MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

Notropis chalybaeus is found primarily in lowland streams where stream reaches are characterized by either abundant aquatic vegetation Patient , open swamp habitat and/or areas draining densely canopied woodlands. [XYZ ENDANGERED SPECIES MISSISSIPI PACKET 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

This canal supported abundant, healthy populations of these fishes Patient . [XYZ ENDANGERED AND THREATENED ANIMALS TEXAS 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

We put more effort, and rightly so, in conserving the imperiled species deemed to be threatened or endangered such as a redcockaded woodpecker than a more Degree abundant species Patient such as a cardinal. [XYZ ENDANGERED AND SPECIES ACT AND FEDERALISM 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

A mark-recapture study of this species initiated at Bitter Lake NWR during 1997 has shown the species to be more Degree abundant on the refuge Location than previously thought [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The species appears to be reasonably Degree abundant at several sites in southern Arizona Location (Simons and Van Pelt, 1999). [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/06/2016 ]

The retreat of most glaciers Patient is projected to accelerate, and many small glaciers may disappear. [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

Due to the increase in greenhouse gases that Patient began to accelerate around 1960 Time , a doubling of the CO, would thus be reached in eighty years, around 2040. [XYZ JACLET 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

There is high confidence that the mass loss of the Greenland ice sheet Patient has accelerated since 1992 Duration : [XYZ WG1AR5AJ 0 MCLH 17/03/2014 ]

This warming Patient should accelerate during the present century Duration , with a growth in average temperature of 3 ° C between now and 2100 . [XYZ JACLET 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Statements about future climate sometimes say that the water cycle Patient will accelerate, but this can be misleading, for strictly speaking, it implies that the cycling of water will occur more and more quickly with time and at all locations. [XYZ WG1AR5NK 0 MCLH 17/03/2014 ]

In the face of slow political action to change mounting human production of greenhouse gases (see Ups and downs in climate diplomacy), it is clear that climate will continue to change and that this change Patient may even accelerate. [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

The total surface melt area Patient has continued to increase since AR4 and has accelerated in the past few years Duration (Fettweis et al., 2011; Tedesco et al., 2011), with an extreme melt event covering more than 90% of the ice sheet for a few days in July 2012 (Nghiem et al., 2012; Tedesco et al., 2013). [XYZ WG1AR5DD 0 MCLH 17/03/2014 ]

Based on measurements from the International Permafrost Association (IPA) Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) programme, active-layer thickening Patient has been observed since the 1970s and has accelerated since 1995 Duration in northern Europe Location (Akerman and Johansson, 2008; Callaghan et al., 2010), and on Svalbard and Greenland since the late-1990s ( Christiansen et al., 2010). [XYZ WG1AR5DG 0 MCLH 17/03/2014 ]

Alternatively, the cooling of the Northern Hemisphere may lead to increased warmth, precipitation, and storms in the south, as the heat normally transported away from equatorial regions by the ocean currents becomes trapped and as greenhouse gas warming Patient continues to accelerate. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

Taking this evidence in conjunction with the proxy evidence for a change of rate (Sections 5.6.3 and 13.2.1; Figure 13.3b), there is high confidence that the rate of sea level rise has increased during the last two centuries, and it is likely that GMSL Patient has accelerated since the early 1900s Duration . [XYZ WG1AR5NZ 0 MCLH 17/03/2014 ]

Melting along the Himalayan glaciers Patient accelerates, causing some Tibetan people to relocate. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

However, rapid human population growth during the past few centuries has resulted in large-scale conversions of forested landscapes to agricultural, urban or other uses. These conversions Patient have released more than 100 billion tonnes of additional carbon into the air over the past century, and have been accelerating in recent decades Duration , primarily due to extensive slash-and-burn activities in the tropical forests of South America, Africa and Southeast Asia Reason . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

The superficial layer of the oceans, down to about a hundred metres in depth, heats up and dilates, making the water level rise. The 20th century has recorded a yearly increase of 1.8 mm, a rate that Patient has been accelerating since the beginning beginning of the 1990s Duration . [XYZ NEWCOURIER2005 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

The warming trend is due to the growing amount of greenhouse gases released by human activities. Climate experts project that this trend Patient will accelerate, with the average global temperature increasing by between 1.4 ° and 5.8 ° Celsius by 2100 , and temperatures in Europe by between 2 ° and 6.3 ° Celsius. [XYZ CLIMATECHANGEYOUTH 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

As the surface warms Condition , the hydrologic cycle (evaporation, precipitation, and runoff) Patient accelerates causing temperatures to rise even higher Result . [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

It 's important to understand human impacts on the environment - both what 's done Cause to accelerate and decelerate (or perhaps even reverse) the tendency toward climate change Patient . [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 DMT MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

The doubling of nitrogen input into the terrestrial nitrogen cycle due to human activities Cause may accelerate losses of biological diversity Patient . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

The most recent climate models show that one of the processes Cause likely to have accelerated the climate inversion Patient is the effect of the vegetation, whose role is crucial. [XYZ JACLET 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

The most rapid changes are expected where they Patient are accelerated by changes in natural and anthropogenic non-climatic disturbance patterns Cause . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 DMT 27/06/2013 ]

Irreversible losses of biodiversity Patient could be accelerated with climate change Cause . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 DMT MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Melting ice in the polar regions for example Cause could accelerate warming Patient because exposed ground absorbs more energy Reason [XYZ INCONNU 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

a strengthening of the thermohaline overturning Cause will accelerate the surface temperature response Patient , [XYZ INCONNU 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

positive feedback processes that Cause accelerate loss of humid tropical forests Patient . [XYZ INCONNU 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

The overall consistency in the negative changes observed in the various components of the cryosphere (Figure 4.25), and the acceleration of these changes Patient in recent decades Time , provides a strong signal of climate change. [XYZ WG1AR5DH 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

Following the most rapid century of warming experienced by modern civilization, the first ten years of the 21st century see an acceleration of atmospheric warming Patient , as average temperatures worldwide rise by .5 degrees Fahrenheit per decade and by as much as 2 degrees Fahrenheit per decade in the harder hit regions. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

Within present uncertainties, observations and models are both consistent with a lack of significant Degree acceleration of sea level rise Patient during the 20th century Time . [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

The positive feedback loops and acceleration of the warming pattern Patient begin to trigger responses that weren't previously imagined, as natural disasters and stormy weather occur in both developed and lesser-developed nations. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

A significant component of unforced multidecadal variability in the recent Time acceleration of global warming Patient . [XYZ WG1AR5IX 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

There is a noticeable Descriptor acceleration in the forcing Patient after 1950 Time and a deceleration in the 1990s reflecting the time evolution of anthropogenic precursor emissions. [XYZ WG1AR5HQ 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

Some studies have found an acceleration of ice loss Patient (Rignot et al., 2011) as well as enhanced basal ice-shelf melting (Pritchard et al., 2012), but the short period of observations does not allow one to either dismiss or confirm that these changes are associated with destabilization of WAIS [XYZ WG1AR5OS 0 MCLH 18/07/2014 ]

If injected into the atmosphere, these gases Patient accumulate there Location . [XYZ JACLET 0 MCLH 26/06/2013 ]

. In the second scenario, leakage could occur through undetected faults, fractures or through leaking wells where the release to the surface is more gradual and diffuse. In this case, hazards primarily affect drinking-water aquifers and ecosystems where CO2 Patient accumulates in the zone between the surface and the top of the water table Location [XYZ 5IPCCDYOXYDE 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Nitrous oxide slowly breaks down in the atmosphere under the action of sunlight, but like carbon dioxide and methane, it Patient is slowly Manner accumulating in the atmosphere Location as a consequence of the extra man-made emissions. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Billions of tonnes of sediment Patient accumulate in the ocean basins Location every year Time . [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

As snow Patient accumulates in mountain regions Location , the cooling spreads to summertime. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

As snow Patient accumulates on ice caps and sheets Location where temperatures usually remain below freezing year round, it lays down a record of the environmental conditions at the time of its formation. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

It is here that Location carbon Patient accumulates, especially in inorganic form Manner , [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

In contrast, production is currently greater than emission for nearly all of the HCFCs and HFCs, implying that banks of these chemicals Patient are currently accumulating and could contribute to future radiative forcing. [XYZ 4IPCCSROCSPMTS 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions accumulated over time from 1990. Initially, the cumulative emissions are lower for the S profiles than the WRE profiles, but as the emissions Patient are accumulated over progressively longer periods Duration the results for the two profiles converge for any given stabilization level. [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

Should emissions for Annex I countries rise during the 1990s, then fall to the 1990 level in the year 2000, the increase in concentration in the year 2000 would be approximately 0.4 ppmv for every additional GtC of CO2 emissions Patient accumulated over 1990 - 2000 Duration declining to 0.2 ppmv per additional GtC by 2100. [XYZ 6IPCCEMISSIONS 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

For the range of scenarios in Figure 1, the accumulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide Patient due to aircraft Cause over the next 50 years is projected to increase to 5 to 13 ppmv. [XYZ 1IPCCAVIATION 0 MCLH 26/06/2013 ]

Because aerosols influence the formation of clouds, the accumulation of aerosols from aircraft Patient may play a role in enhanced cloud formation and change the radiative properties of clouds. [XYZ 1IPCCAVIATION 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

The SAR WGI (Section 7.3.3.2) concludes that an imbalance between accumulation and losses of the ice sheets Patient of up to 25 per cent Value cannot be detected by current methods using currently available data. [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

At the extreme ends of the range, higher target concentrations and more rapid changes in radiative forcing generally can be expected to have larger impacts on natural and human systems than trajectories that assume a slower Manner accumulation of forcing Patient and lower stabilized concentrations. [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Most of this additional forcing is due to accumulation of stratospheric water vapour Patient . [XYZ INCONNU 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

Although aerosol Patient accumulation will grow with aviation fuel use, aerosol mass concentrations from aircraft in 2050 are projected to remain small compared to surface sources. [XYZ 1IPCCAVIATION 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the total uptake through photosynthesis whereas NPP is the rate of accumulation of carbon Patient after losses due to plant respiration and other metabolic processes in maintaining the plant 's living systems are taken into account. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

Just as an accumulating deficit in a financial budget can cause a large debt, this imbalance Cause has, over time, caused a large Degree accumulation of additional carbon dioxide Patient in the atmosphere Location . [XYZ 6CANADAQFP 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Over time, this net addition can cause a significant Degree accumulation of excess carbon dioxide Patient in the atmosphere Location , much like a deficit in a financial budget, repeated year after year, can lead to the accumulation of a large debt. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 27/06/2013 ]

Especially since decreasing concentration of the greenhouse effect gases is not all that is at stake: water Destination acidification caused by the dissolution of CO2 Cause threatens the chemical balance of the ocean 's superficial layer. [XYZ NEWCOURIER2005 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

There may also be acidification of soils Destination and displacement of oxygen in soils in this scenario. [XYZ 5IPCCDYOXYDE 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Ecosystems that Destination have already been weakened by the effects of acidification, surface ozone exposure and/or increased bombardment by UV-B radiation can die when exposed to the added stress of warmer temperatures or drought. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Though the soil was inherently acidic, under rainforest, further Degree acidification of this soil Destination may lead to serious environmental problems including solubilization and leaching of aluminum minerals into water ways and the natural ecosystem. [XYZ DEFIMPACT 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Ocean Destination acidification and the associated decrease in calcification in many marine organisms provides a negative feedback on atmospheric CO2 increase [XYZ WG1AR5JQ 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Even fewer studies have assessed the implications of multiple stress factors, such as O3, SO2 Material acidification, or other pollutant stressors in the presence of climate and CO2 change. [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Multiple stresses to forests, including ozone and SO2 Material acidification, as well as climate and CO2 change, may have significant additional consequences; [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Increased legume components Material are likely to increase acidification rates in tropical and temperate pastures, through increased leaching of nitrate and increased productivity, and may result in more N20 emissions than from native grass pastures. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Alternatively, acidified lakes Destination that have slowly recovered over time can become re-acidified if droughts expose shallow parts of the lake bottom and re-oxidize the sulphates that have been deposited in the sediments over time. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

In some acidified lakes Destination the abundance of larger plants (called macrophytes) has decreased, sometimes accompanied by increased abundance of a moss known as Sphagnum. [XYZ PANACEA 24474 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

To make matters worse, when acid rain falls to the ground, dragging the acidified water Destination with natural fertilizers of the land, thus giving a total poverty, ending stressing the plants, since they remove their minerals and essential ions , thus producing more carnage. [XYZ PANACEA 23648 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

By the end of the century, this acidified zone Destination will spread into the North Atlantic and North Pacific as well. [XYZ PANACEA 34218 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

The two-year study concluded that the red spruce and the sugar maple have been hurt in different ways by acidified soils Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 28498 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

When forest soil Destination becomes acidified, essential nutrients are leached out, reducing its fertility. Acidification also causes the release of potentially harmful metals. [XYZ PANACEA 33481 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

This lab study shows that acidified waters Destination that are expected before the end of the century affected the larvae's ability to follow odours, disrupting the breeding cycle of an important fish species. [XYZ PANACEA 23378 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

Movement toward recovery of an acidified aquatic ecosystem Destination is indicated by an increase in ANC. [XYZ PANACEA 24649 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

By midcentury, virtually all reefs will be at risk, scientists fear, not just from local threats or globalwarming, but from an increasingly Degree acidified ocean Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 17080 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

Directly from natural carbon dioxide springs , where it is produced by the action of acidified water Destination on limestone or dolomite. [XYZ PANACEA 6466 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

Recovery of acidified soils Destination largely depends on the rate at which exchangeable acidity can be removed (i.e. the rate at which exchangeable base cations can be replenished). [XYZ PANACEA 6378 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

Resulting nitrogen saturation of soils and streams (Aber, 1992), as well as soil acidification and loss of basic cations, has affected forest growth and tolerance to cold stress, elevated stream nitrogen concentrations, and acidified streams Destination , especially in the eastern United States [XYZ PANACEA 24663 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

But acidified water and soil Destination continued to imperil lake and forest ecosystems. [XYZ PANACEA 22506 0 MCLH 07/08/2015 ]

If the ocean Destination continues to acidify, the water could become corrosive to calcium carbonate structures, dissolving coral reefs and even the shells of marine organisms. [XYZ PANACEA 10797 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Nevertheless, even with no anthropogenic contributions to N and S deposition many soils, particularly those derived from acid parent materials Destination , would still Time acidify over time Duration . [XYZ PANACEA 33312 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

It has been suggested that the oceans Destination have acidified or, more correctly, become less alkaline"by 0.1 acid-base units in recent decades. [XYZ PANACEA 27023 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

In the meantime, soils Destination are continuing to acidify and this time frame is being extended. This prediction strongly indicates there is a significant deficit in addressing soil [XYZ PANACEA 29889 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

The increase in H+ ions reduces pH (measure of acidity) and the oceans Destination acidify, that is they become more acidic or rather less alkaline since although the ocean is acidifying, its pH is still greater than 7 (that of water with a neutral pH). [XYZ PANACEA 32077 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Current modelling suggests that seawater Destination is acidifying at a rate that exceeds anything seen on Earth over the past 65 million years Manner . [XYZ PANACEA 9734 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Meanwhile, oceans Destination are acidifying (by the end of this century, they'll reach a pH lower than any experienced in the last 20 million years), sea levels are rising, and waves are getting bigger, driven by faster winds. [XYZ PANACEA 10211 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

She explains how our carbon emissions Material are killing off species by causing the climate to change and the oceans Destination to acidify. [XYZ PANACEA 10089 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

The ocean Destination is acidifying ( from CO2 Material ) more rapidly Manner [XYZ PANACEA 27753 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

The survey hopes to measure how fast the Arctic Ocean Destination is acidifying due to rising CO2 levels Material and what effect it has on the region's animals and plants. [XYZ PANACEA 26445 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

About one-third of the CO2 pollution from smokestacks and tailpipes is absorbed by the world's oceans, where it forms carbonic acid. A 2010 study published in Nature Geoscience warns that unchecked greenhouse gas emissions Material could cause oceans Destination to acidify at a rate unprecedented in at least the last 65 million years Manner . [XYZ PANACEA 17295 0 MCLH 11/08/2015 ]

Higher ocean temperatures will produce increasingly severe bleaching events, while elevated levels of carbon dioxide Material could further Degree acidify the world's seas Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 2028 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

We don't sail out to the ocean to discard our plastics, we don't sail out to dispose of our toxic run-off, we don't sail out to produce carbon emissions that Material acidify the waters Destination - we do ALL these things on land. [XYZ PANACEA 21025 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

Long-range air pollutants Material acidify sensitive head-water lakes Destination , are associated with birch dieback and other impacts on New Brunswick forests and have recently been linked to respiratory stress. [XYZ PANACEA 18287 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

Aquatic species are more vulnerable to pollution, as water sources end up receiving soil contaminants such as pesticides and air pollutants that react with the rain Material , acidifying it Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 4662 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

Fast Company FC Expert Blog Fifty-six million years ago, enough carbon Material leaked into the atmosphere to alter the climate and acidify the ocean Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 15017 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

The absence of carbon capture results in an increase of acid rain and other pollutants into the atmosphere, which Material acidify oceans Destination and harm plant, human and animal life. [XYZ PANACEA 7644 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

As sulfate is released from the soil, it Material acidifies nearby streams and lakes Destination . [XYZ PANACEA 12466 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

As if being a major contributor to global warming wasn't enough, the increasing amount of carbon dioxide produced through human activity Material is also acidifying our oceans Destination [XYZ PANACEA 27457 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

The carbon dioxide that drives global warming Material is a pollutant, acidifying the oceans Destination and potentially dooming biologically rich coral reefs. [XYZ PANACEA 10078 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

In addition, production and refining operations produce huge emissions of toxins, from nitrogen oxides that Material acidify hundreds of square kilometres Destination , to cadmium and arsenic that cause cancer. [XYZ PANACEA 18452 0 MCLH 06/08/2015 ]

How do scientists know that the atmospheric buildup of greenhouse gases is due to human Agent activity? [XYZ 6CANADAQFP 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

This usage differs from that of the UNFCCC, where climate change refers to a change of climate that is attributable directly or indirectly to human Agent activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

In large part, the scientific debate over whether human Agent activity has provoked climate change is over. Exactly how it will change remains a question. [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

The report points the finger at human Agent activity outside the region Location - the emission of greenhouse gases in industrialised countries. [XYZ NEWCOURRIER2005 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

This is not the case, however, for emissions of these gases related to forestry Patient activities and projects, which are not included in Annex A, although some of these forestry activities are discussed in the 1996 Revised IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. [XYZ 14IPCCSR1 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

Humans are adding large quantities of fine particles (aerosols) to the atmosphere, both from agricultural and industrial Patient activities. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 07/11/2013 ]

The half of the additional flux due to industrial Patient activity, amounting to a nearly 8 GtC.yc-1, goes to the atmosphere. [XYZ JACLET 0 07/11/2013 ]

The pressing demands of certain countries, including Canada, [lie United States of America and the Russian Federation, to ease their efforts in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions in relation to the biospheric carbon sinks they already possess or will develop, notably by agroforestry Patient activities. [XYZ JACLET 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

Conflicting analyses make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about changes in storm Cause activity, especially in the extra-tropics. [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

More recently, the variations in solar Cause activity constitute a plausible, explanation for the cold period in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries known as the Little Ice Age, which was all the more remarkable since it followed closely the medieval climatic optimum. [XYZ JACLET 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

The absolute value of the spectrally integrated total solar irradiance (TSI) incident on the Earth is not known to better than about 4 Wm?2, but satellite observations since the late 1970s show relative variations over the past two solar Cause 11-year activity cycles of about 0.1 % , which is equivalent to a variation in radiative forcing of about 0.2 Wm?2. [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MCLH 14/04/2014 ]

Thunderstorm Cause activity is difficult to measure on a broad scale, however, because thunderstorms are highly localized and brief in duration. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

The global mean atmosphere-ocean exchange of CO2, the vertical mixing of total dissolved carbon by thermohaline overturning and diffusion, and the sinking of particulate material produced by biological Cause activity can all be represented in this model. [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

Since greenhouse warming may cause a greater area of ocean to reach this temperature more often, it follows that the zone of hurricane Cause activity could expand and the number of hurricanes could increase. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

Increases in heavy precipitation events can arise from a number of causes, e.g., changes in atmospheric moisture, thunderstorm Cause activity and large-scale storm activity. [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

However, the recent intensification of El Niño Cause activity itself raises serious questions. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

Canadian researcher Steven Lambert recently examined winter storm Cause activity in the extratropical Atlantic and Pacific Location since the beginning of the present century. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

It is possible the longer term changes in the amount of volcanic Cause activity on the Earth Location may explain incidences of longer term climate change during Earth History. 66 million years ago, at about the same time as the extinction of the dinosaurs, massive amounts of lava were being erupted on the Indian sub-continent, at that time drifting North towards Asia, having separated from Australia and Antarctica. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

Observational evidence shows a connection between lightning Cause activity around the world Location and variations in global surface temperature. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

The strongest natural fluctuation of climate on interannual timescales is the ENSO phenomenon (see Box 4). It is an inherently coupled atmosphere-ocean mode with its Cause core activity in the tropical Pacific Location , but with important regional climate impacts throughout the world. [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MCLH 04/04/2014 ]

At present, it is also unclear how or whether species and ecosystems Patient would adapt to the sustained chemical changes Cause . [XYZ 5IPCCDYOXYDE 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Other areas might actually see improvements in their climates, but if the experience of recent El Niños is a guide, most localities would encounter at least some weather difficulties that they were poorly prepared to deal with. Over time, communities Patient could adapt to these new conditions Cause , but the costs could be substantial. [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

We Patient should adapt to the more vertiginous timescalesinvolved Cause : the CO2 emitted today will modify the carbon cycle for 100 years, and the slow components of the climate system (the ocean depths, continental glaciers) will have their dynamics altered for several centuries. [XYZ JACLET 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

In order to maintain agricultural output to meet the demand for a growing world population, farmers Patient will have to adjust and adapt as and when necessary to the possible changes imposed by changing climate Cause . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Human and natural systems Patient will to some degree Degree adapt autonomously Manner to climate change Cause . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Climate monitoring is one of the building blocks to help us understand how our climate is changing and how we Patient can adapt to it Cause . [XYZ 4CANADAFACC 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Humanity Patient will have to adapt to these changes Cause despite their rapid pace and magnitude, as it has had to 'adapt' to epidemics, wars and famine. [XYZ JACLET 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Such measures would not be able to stop future climate change from happening - we are too late for that - but would hopefully buy both ecosystems and societies Patient time to adapt to the changes that do occur Cause . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Given the diversity of constraints facing many nations, the overall capacity for Africa Patient to adapt to climate change Cause currently is very low. [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

When the valley of the Nile became a part of history, thanks to the hieroglyphic texts, the rest of the Sahara after having given birth to a precocious civilization full of promise Patient , had to adapt to these difficult new living conditions Cause . [XYZ JACLET 0 TK 09/01/2012 ]

Many of the speciesinvolved Patient would adapt through migration Method , but some could become extinct. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Where ranges of species are already fragmented they may become even more fragmented, with regional disappearances of species, if they Patient cannot persist, adapt , or migrate. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Predicted rates of climate change may be too great for many species , particularly trees, Patient to adapt genetically Manner . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Many species Patient will be able to adapt , but in some instances, a reduction of species diversity is highly likely [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Although many species Patient will be able to adapt , climate change is expected to reduce the overall biodiversity in individual ecosystems. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Southern Europe and the European Arctic are more vulnerable than other parts of Europe. More-marginal and less-wealthy areas Patient will be less able to adapt , which leads to important equity implications (very high confidence). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

It is expected that the societies currently experiencing existing social, economic and climatic stresses Patient will be both worst affected and least able to adapt . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Scientists agree that the current warming trend cannot be stopped or reversed, but that it can be slowed down to allow biological systems and human society Patient more time to adapt. [XYZ 6CANADAQFP 0 TK 19/10/2012 ]

Climate change will affect an extremely diverse mix of human societies , some of which Patient have less potential to adapt than others , and will thus suffer more than others. [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

If unchecked, the pace of climate change will be too fast for some plant and animal species Patient to adapt or migrate, and the impact on wildlife could be devastating. [XYZ 3EUROPA 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Some critical factors affecting sustainable development contributions of activities to mitigate and adapt to climate change Cause include institutional and technical capacity to develop and implement guidelines and procedures; extent and effectiveness of local community participation in development, implementation, and distribution of benefits; and transfer and adoption of technology. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK MCLH 19/10/2012 ]

Adaptation to current climate variability and extremes Cause often produces benefits as well as forming a basis for coping with future climate change. [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 TK 18/10/2012 ]

Adaptation in anticipation of future climate change Cause is faced with uncertainty about location, rate and magnitude of climate change impacts. [XYZ 9IPCCSRTT 0 TK 18/10/2012 ]

Adaptation to these changing conditions Cause will be extremely difficult for most small island states to accomplish in a sustainable manner. [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 18/10/2012 ]

Adaptation and better incorporation of the long-term environmental consequences of resources Patient use can be brought about through a range of approaches, including strengthening legal and institutional frameworks, removing pre-existing market distortions (e.g., subsidies), correcting market failures (e.g., failure to reflect environmental damage or resource depletion in prices or inadequate economic valuation of biodiversity), and promoting public participation and education. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 TK 20/09/2012 ]

Global warming Cause could affect this exchange of heat Patient in a variety of ways Manner . [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Changes in climate Cause will affect coastal systems Patient through sea-level rise and an increase in storm-surge hazards and possible changes in the frequency and/or intensity of extreme events Method . [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

As various approaches to the phase-out of ODSs were developed it was realized that some actions taken to reduce future depletion of the ozone layer, in particular the introduction of HFCs and PFCs Cause , could affect global warming Patient . [XYZ 4IPCCSROCSPMTS 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Major rivers are highly sensitive to climate variation; average runoff and water availability is projected to decrease in Mediterranean and southern countries of Africa , which Cause would affect their biodiversity Patient . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

A shift in climatic zones Cause not only affects the vegetation Patient but also affects the incidence of tree pests such as insects and diseases. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Indirect effects could include feedbacks to the climate system such as f further releases of greenhouse gases , changes in ocean circulation drivers, and increased temperature and higher precipitation with loss of ice , which Cause could affect climate and level Patient globally Expanse . [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Studies also suggest that human deaths can rise significantly if vulnerable people Patient seriously Degree affected by bad air quality Cause must deal with the added impacts of heat stress. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

In the south, each region Patient will be affected differently Manner by droughts, floods and unusual weather events Cause . [XYZ 3CANADAENVIRON 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Moreover, the seriousness of the drought Cause affecting the Sahel and West Africa Patient during a quarter of a century Duration was due to the interaction of two factors: the climatic hazards themselves and the degree of fragility or vulnerability of the infrastructure and its economic and social organization. [XYZ JACLET 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

The prospect of human activities Cause altering atmospheric composition, affecting climate Patient globally and regionally Expanse , and ultimately affecting human economies and natural ecosystems, has stimulated the development of models of the climate system. [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Currently, it is believed that the arrangement of continental landmasses Cause significantly Degree affects the ocean currents Patient . [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Greenhouse gases have a long atmospheric lifetime, and even draconian emissions changes Cause would affect concentrations Patient only slowly Manner . [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

For example, along the Aleutian Islands, the fish population driven by climatic events and overfishing has changed Cause , thus changing the behavior and population size of killer whales and sea otters (consequently affecting the kelp forests Patient ). [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Sea-level rise Cause will affect mangrove ecosystems Patient by eliminating their present habitats and creating new tidally inundated areas to which some mangrove species may shift Method . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Potential impacts include northward shifts of forest and other vegetation types , which Cause would affect biodiversity Patient by altering habitats Method and would reduce the market and non-market goods and services they provide. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Additionally, options vary by social and economic conditions: in some regions slowing or halting deforestation is the major mitigation opportunity; in other regions, where deforestation rates have declined to marginal levels, improved natural forest management practices, afforestation, and reforestation of degraded forests and wastelands Destination are the most attractive opportunities. [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 MCLH 23/04/2014 ]

Thus, changes in carbon stocks may not be accounted and, likewise, afforestation or reforestation of small areas Destination may not be accounted. [XYZ 14IPCCSRL 0 MCLH 23/04/2014 ]

In addition to impacts on wildlife and species biodiversity, human Agent agriculture, forestry, drylands, water resources and health will all be affected. [XYZ ENCY 0 SB MCLH 18/08/2015 ]