In 1982, Congress amended the ESA to include some exceptions to the act’s prohibition against taking listed species Patient . [XYZ Citizens_Guide_Esa 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

The listing of a species as endangered makes it illegal to " take" (harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, collect, or attempt to do these things) that species Patient . [XYZ ESA_Protecting_Marine_Resources 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

For example, a population designated as essential must be treated as a threatened species, which requires a critical habitat designation, prohibits “ taking” individuals of the population Patient , and requires USFWS consultation for government agency action within its range. [XYZ Assisted_Colonization_ESA 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

The Endangered Species Act prohibits any person from “ taking” endangered species Patient , which has been defined to include the destruction of habitat. It is often unclear, however, what constitutes take, in terms of habitat destruction, because the destruction must result in the actual injury or death to an endangered species. [XYZ A_Future_for_All 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Except as provided in sections 6(g)(2) and 10 of this Act, with respect to any endangered species of fish or wildlife listed pursuant to section 4 of this Act it is unlawful for any person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to— (A) import any such species into, or export any such species from the United States; (B) take any such species Patient within the United States or the territorial sea of the United States Location ; [XYZ ESA 1973 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

A similar provision in NSW legislation that made it an offence to ‘‘ take’’ protected fauna Patient without a licence Means began life with a focus on hunting, but it was eventually interpreted by the courts to include ‘‘conduct that modifies habitat in a significant fashion thus placing the species of fauna under threat by adversely affecting essential behavioural patterns relating to feeding, breeding or nesting’’ (Corkill v Forestry Commission of NSW, 1991, pp. 139–140). [XYZ Trigger4Action 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

However, if, during plan implementation, a species that was not covered becomes listed, any activities that Cause take the species Patient are prohibited, and the applicant must amend the plan to address impacts to that species (an expensive and timeconsuming process). [XYZ Integrating_CC 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

A conservation officer who has reasonable grounds to suspect that a (a) material, implement, appliance or thing has been used; or (b) specimen of a designated species Patient has been taken, killed or possessed. [XYZ ESA 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Animals which are threatened with extinction Patient are to be placed on a list of fully protected species and may not be taken except by a special permit Means . [XYZ LAW_WILDLIFE 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Nothing in this Act shall be construed as superseding or limiting in any manner the functions and responsibilities of the Secretary of the Treasury under the Tariff Act of 1930, including, without limitation, section 527 of that Act (19 U.S.C. 1527), relating to the importation of wildlife Patient taken, killed, possessed, or exported to the United States in violation of the laws or regulations of a foreign country. [XYZ ESA 1873 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

It should be noted, however, that the court expressly affirmed the Secretary's authority to establish a control program to take individual wolves preying on livestock Patient ." [XYZ STAY_the_HAND 0 MCLH 16/07/21023 ]

But a similar omission in a state harboring many native endangered species could undercut the purpose of such a statute if such species Patient could be taken but just not sold or transported. [XYZ LAW WILDLIFE 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

According to this view, the rights of a coastal state such as the United States were limited to preventing foreign ships from entering their waters to take fur seals Patient on the Pribilof Islands Location . [XYZ OTTERS_ORCAS 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Increased competition between trappers has resulted in nestlings Patient being taken at earlier ages Time , thus increasing the mortality rate. [XYZ UNODC_CRIME_REPORT 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

In 1992, the northern population of Yellowstone elk reached a peak of 19,000 individuals and approximately 4,500 elk Patient were taken by hunters Agent [XYZ PRED_RECOVERY 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Many of these rhinos Patient were taken by Mozambican poachers crossing between the two parks Agent . [XYZ UNODC_CRIME_REPORT 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

For example, under Habitat Conservation Plans (HCPs), private land owners Agent can be authorized to incidentally Manner take listed species Patient as a result of the development or use of their property Reason in exchange for a commitment to minimize and mitigate adverse effects upon the species. [XYZ ESA_Just_the_Facts 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Although currently protected by law, many Patient may still Time be taken by hunters Agent in some areas Location . [XYZ GALE ENCYCLOPEDIA 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

This amount is considerably less than the number of animals Patient taken by hunters and trappers Agent annually Frequency . [XYZ WILDLIFE_SERVICES_PRED 0 MCLH 16/07/2023 ]

Most crops grown in cool, temperate regions Patient respond positively to an increased concentration of carbon dioxide, including some of the current major food staples such as wheat, rice and soybean. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 27/04/2014 ]

Glaciers, permafrost and alpine regions are all sensitive to changes in atmospheric Patient temperature, so act as an indicator of global climate change. [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 MG MCLH 29/03/2014 ]

The Holocene Epoch began 11,000 years ago at a time when the European and American ice caps disappeared almost entirely. It evolved towards a climatic optimum between 9,000 and 6,000 years before the present. It was therefore the warmest period of the present interglacial period Patient , with a temperature of about 2 ° C higher than today Value . [XYZ JACLET 0 MG MCLH 29/03/2014 ]

Energy released from the Sun as electromagnetic radiation Patient has a temperature of approximately 6000 ° C Value [XYZ ENCY 0 MG MCLH 29/03/2014 ]

Most of Europe Patient experienced temperature increases this century larger than the global average, and enhanced precipitation in the northern half and decreases in the southern half of the region. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 MG MCLH 29/03/2014 ]

After greenhouse gas concentrations have stabilised, global average Value surface Patient temperatures would rise at a rate of only a few tenths of a degree per century rather than several degrees per century as projected for the 21st century without stabilisation. [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MG MCLH 29/03/2014 ]

One pair Patient occupied a territory for at least two years (2001 and 2002) and fledged young, which was the first successful nesting by native Aplomado Falcons in the United States in half a century. [XYZ Threatened_and_Endangered_Species_of_Mexico 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Usually some of the juvenile males Patient remain on the territory and become helpers during the following nesting season. [XYZ Endangered_Species_Mississipi_Packet 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

The male stays close by, singing his distinctive song and defending his Patient territory during incubation. [XYZ Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Eagles often have one or more alternative nests within their Patient territories. [XYZ Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Information on territory size of Mexican wolves does not exist; however, territories of wolves Patient in other regions of North America Location range from 25 to over 5,000 square miles [XYZ Threatened_and_Endangered_Species_of_Mexico 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

[Bear c]ubs remain with their mother the first year, and then disperse to establish their Patient own territories usually during their second summer. [XYZ According to Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Broods Patient generally remain on the nesting Purpose territory, expanding their movements as they mature or are disturbed. [XYZ Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

The wintering Purpose territories of Whooping Cranes Patient on the Texas coast Location place the birds in close proximity to human disturbance factors such as tour boats, boat and barge traffic along the Intracoastal Waterway, recreational and commercial fishing boats, airboats, and air traffic. [XYZ Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Nesting Purpose territories can even be inherited by offspring. [XYZ Endangered_and_Threatened_Animals_Texas 0 MCLH 12/05/2027 ]

Protection of breeding Purpose territories and nesting birds from human disturbance is also a priority. [XYZ Threatened_and_Endangered_Species_of_Mexico 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

According to Rzedowski's (1978, 1990) analysis of potential vegetation in Mexico, this forest may have covered initially nearly 14% of the Mexican Support territory (about 270 000 km2). [XYZ DEFMEXICO 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

In particular, it contributes to defining the balance between efforts of reduction throughout the national Support territory and the rate of referral to the international market for permits. [XYZ JACLET 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

On top of that, EU governments can achieve part of their reduction requirements by investing in emission-saving projects in third countries (under the Kyoto flexible mechanisms) - so the effort to reduce emissions is not confined to EU Support territory. [XYZ 2EUROPAENV 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Within Brazil, the ‘Legal Amazon’1 region covers 58% of the national Support territory and shares borders with all eight other Amazonian countries: Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. [XYZ DEFFUTURE 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Almost all the territory of the Golodnfya steppe Support has been completely transformed into cultivated landscape. [XYZ PANACEA 518 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

From the territory of Central Asia Support studies on introductions have involved about 2000 species from 41 families of plants. [XYZ PANACEA 464 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

For example, the Mauritius National Plant Protection Legislation (the Plants Act of 1976) and the Forest and Reserves Act (1983) legally protects endangered species and habitats in the territories of Mauritius Support . [XYZ Endangered_Plants 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

The United States argued that it held a property right to the seals on land and a right to protect that property even when the animals left American Support territory and ventured into the high seas. [XYZ OTTERS_ORCAS 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

Encompassing much of the Eurasian Steppe, the territory of Siberia Support extends eastward from the Ural Mountains to the watershed between Pacific and Arctic drainage basins , and southward from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and the national borders of both Mongolia and China. [XYZ PANACEA 332 0 MCLH 12/05/2017 ]

If this trend continues, experts predict smaller mountain glaciers could melt, areas of frozen ground (permafrost) Patient could thaw and alpine regions could shrink. [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 SB MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Manitoba, for example, has invested heavily in flood protection, mainly because the Red is naturally flood-prone in spring (due to the fact that it is a north-flowing river and its exit into Lake Winnipeg often remains frozen after upstream sections to the south Patient have begun to thaw). [XYZ 2CANADACCD9801 0 SB MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

Seasonally frozen ground is a soil layer that Patient freezes and thaws annually Frequency , which may or may not overlie terrestrial permafrost, and also includes some portions of the Arctic seabed that freeze in winter. [XYZ WG1AR5DG 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

In northern Alaska, estimates of permafrost Patient thawing under thaw lakes Location are in the range 0.9 to 1.7 cm aÐ1 (Ling and Zhang, 2003). [XYZ WG1AR5DG 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Ground that Patient freezes and thaws annually Frequency is called seasonally frozen ground. [XYZ WG1AR5WY 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Frozen areas close to the freezing point Patient will thaw and undergo substantial changes with warming. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 SB MCLH 01/07/2013 ]

However, current models do not include the full complexity of Arctic processes that occur when permafrost Patient thaws, such as the formation of lakes and ponds. [XYZ WG1AR5FY 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

In such areas, permafrost temperatures have shown little or no change, indicating that permafrost Patient is thawing internally Manner but remaining very close to the melting point (Smith et al., 2010). [XYZ WG1AR5DF 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

We find that areas that Patient thawed over the past 15 years Duration had 40 per cent more annual losses of old carbon than minimally thawed areas, but had overall net ecosystem carbon uptake as increased plant growth offset these losses. [XYZ PANACEA 28554 0 AMG 24/07/2015 ]

Over the past 40 years Duration , the Arctic Patient has begun to thaw, with warmer temperatures that are rising at twice the rate as anywhere else in the world Cause . [XYZ PANACEA 26344 0 AMG 31/07/2015 ]

In Canada Location , the uppermost metres of permafrost Patient will thaw on approximately one fifth of the surface currently covered by permafrost Expanse . [XYZ PANACEA 28033 0 AMG 24/07/2015 ]

As northern climates warm Cause , permafrost Patient is beginning to thaw, deepening the soil active layer and making the stored carbon available for decomposition to greenhouse gases or for transport downstream Result . [XYZ PANACEA W006312633 0 AMG MCLH 24/07/2015 ]

But in the past few decades Time , as the Earth has warmed Cause , the icy ground Patient has begun thawing more rapidly Manner , accelerating the release of methane Result [XYZ PANACEA 7238 0 AMG 23/07/2015 ]

Increasing temperature Cause will thaw permafrost Patient and melt more snow and ice. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 SB AMG 25/07/2015 ]

Amplified climate warming at high latitudes Cause is thawing permafrost Patient and increasing the prevalence of wildfire in tundra ecosystems. [XYZ PANACEA 12633 0 AMG 25/07/2015 ]

That could lead to a situation in which the temperature of the sea sediment rises above freezing , which Cause would thaw the permafrost Patient . [XYZ PANACEA 27834 0 AMG 25/07/2015 ]

The Pacific algae, absent from the North Atlantic for 800,000 years according to fossil records, apparently returned after climate change Cause thawed sea ice Patient and currents carried the microscopic plants across the Arctic Ocean [XYZ d'après PANACEA 10618 0 AMG 24/07/2015 ]

In a warming climate, permafrost Patient thawing may induce decomposition of carbon accumulated in frozen soils which could persist for hundreds to thousands of years, leading to an increase of atmospheric CO2 and/or methane (CH4) [XYZ WG1AR5AL 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Inland aquatic ecosystems will be influenced by climate change through altered water temperatures, flow regimes, water levels and thawing of permafrost Patient at high latitudes Location . [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Some wetlands will be replaced by forests or heathlands, and those overlying permafrost are likely to be disrupted as a result of thawing of permafrost Patient (high confidence). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Also included in the computation of the total change are smaller contributions from thawing of permafrost Patient , deposition of sediment, and the ongoing contributions from ice sheets as a result of climate change since the Last Glacial Maximum. [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Indeed, recent observations (Dorrepaal et al., 2009; Kuhry et al., 2010) suggest that this process, induced by widespread Expanse permafrost Patient warming and thawing (Romanovsky et al., 2010), might be already occurring. [XYZ WG1AR5NO 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

As warming occurs, there will be considerable Degree thawing of permafrost Patient - leading to changes in drainage, increased slumping, and altered landscapes over large areas. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

In addition, it is virtually certain that large areas of permafrost Patient will experience thawing over multiple centuries. [XYZ GW1AE5FD 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Similarly, the annual Duration freezing and thawing of seasonally frozen ground Patient is coupled to the land surface energy and moisture fluxes, and thus to climate. [XYZ WG1AR5DF 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Specifically, the network of selected biosphere reserves is observing cryospheric indicators, such as snow cover, glaciers, permafrost and solifluction (where freezing and thawing of the ground Patient results in soil-surface slippage); high-mountain, freshwater ecosystems and watershed hydrology; and terrestrial ecosystems, especially mountain plant life and certain soil-dwelling animals. [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Thawing of unsaturated Yedoma carbon deposits (which contain large, but uncertain amounts of organic carbon in permafrost in northeast Siberia Patient ; Schirrmeister et al., 2011) was postulated to produce significant CH4 emissions (Khvorostyanov et al., 2008), however more recent estimates with Yedoma carbon lability constrained by incubation observations (Dutta et al., 2006) argue for smaller emissions at 2100 (Koven et al., 2011). [XYZ WG1AR5GA 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Overall, there is high confidence that reductions in permafrost extent due to warming Cause will cause thawing of some currently frozen carbon Patient . [XYZ WG1AR5FX 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

Examples of observed changes include shrinkage of glaciers, thawing of permafrost Patient , later freezing and earlier break-up of ice on rivers and lakes, lengthening of mid to high-latitude growing seasons, pole ward and altitudinal shifts of plant and animal ranges, declines of some plant and animal populations, and earlier flowering of trees, emergence of insects, and egg-laying in birds (see Figure SPM-1). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 SB MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

The layer of ground that Patient is subject to annual Duration thawing and freezing in areas underlain by permafrost Location . [XYZ WG1AR5WX 0 MCLH 15/03/2014 ]

A number of other factors, such as changes in the intensity of the sun 's radiation and the thinning of the ozone layer Patient , may also affect the course of future climate change. [XYZ 3CANADAENVIRON 0 MCLH 28/06/2013 ]

A number of other factors, such as changes in the intensity of the sun 's radiation and the thinning of the ozone layer Patient , may also affect the course of future climate change. [XYZ 1CANADAICC 0 MCLH 28/06/2013 ]

Thinning of the ozone layer Patient in the lower stratosphere Location by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) Cause and other ozone depleting substances (see below) may also significantly offset the warming effects of ozone increases in the troposphere. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 28/06/2013 ]

There is medium confidence that changes in the Amundsen Sea region are due to the thinning of ice shelves (Pritchard et al., 2012), and medium confidence that this is due to high ocean heat flux (Jacobs et al., 2011), which caused grounding line retreat (1 km yrÐ1) (Joughin et al., 2010a) and glacier Patient thinning (Wingham et al., 2009). [XYZ WG1AR5DD 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

The subsequent Time thinning of glaciers Patient draining into these ice shelves has had a positive but minor effect on sea level, as will any further such events on the Peninsula. Regional projections of 21st century atmospheric temperature change suggest that this process will probably not affect the stability of the large ice shelves of both the West and East Antarctica, although these ice shelves may be threatened by future oceanic change (see below). [XYZ WG1AR5OG 0 MCLH 14/03/2014 ]

The thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer Patient during the past two decades Time has also reduced the net amount of heat energy retained by the climate system by an estimated 0.2 watts per square metre. [XYZ 1CANADACCD 0 MCLH 28/06/2013 ]

With 26 Articles, consisting of objectives, principles, commitments and recommendations, the FCCC became a blueprint for precautionary action against the threat of global climate change Cause . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Everyone contributes to global emissions of greenhouse gases, but it is not only governments which can take action to reduce the threat of global warming Cause . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

At the Rio Earth Summit, Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) agreed to stabilise emissions of greenhouse gases at 1990 levels by the year 2000, in an attempt to mitigate the threat of global warming Cause . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Mention of the threat of climate change Cause by an increase in human emissions of greenhouse gases began appearing in scientific literature in the 1970s, although the Swedish Nobel Prize winner in chemistry Svante Arrhenius forecast this possibility even earlier at the beginning of the twentieth century. [XYZ JACLET 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

While this process of consensus building on principles for action on climate change was underway, the United Nations General Assembly began its own deliberations on the threat of climate change Cause . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Extending discussions of how nations might respond to the mitigation challenge so that they include issues of cost-effectiveness and efficiency, distribution narrowly defined, equity more broadly defined, and sustainability, adds enormous complexity to the problem of uncovering how best to respond to the threat of climate change Cause . [XYZ 8IPCCATTENUATION 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

The IPCC documents the threat of gradual climate change Cause and its impact to food supplies and other resources of importance to humans will not be so severe as to create security threats. [XYZ RAPPORTPENTAGONE 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Prescribed fire Cause may pose a threat to marginal and fragmented habitat for this species in the Peloncillo Mountains Patient . [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 08/10/2016 ]

Disease, which is often linked to pollution or habitat destruction Cause , was a threat to 5 % of birds and 17 % of amphibians Patient . [XYZ ENDANGERED SPECIES MANAGEMENT 0 MCLH 08/10/2016 ]

Climate change Cause would exacerbate current Time threats to biodiversity Patient resulting from land-use/cover change and population pressure in Asia (medium confidence). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Deforestation can also reduce rainfall in certain areas, increasing the threat of desertification Result . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Wet areas are likely to become wetter, with more frequent episodes of flooding, whilst dry areas may become drier, with longer periods of drought leading to an increased Degree threat of desertification Result . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Aquatic invasive species Agent pose a threat to all native aquatic biota and ecosystems in New Mexico Patient (NMDGF 2008). [XYZ THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF MEXICO 0 MCLH 09/10/2016 ]

There will be redistribution of species, with, in some instances, a threat of extinction Result due to lack of possibility to migrate upward Cause , either because they cannot move rapidly enough or because the zone is absent. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Climate change could have profound impacts on coastal zones due to sea level rise and changes in frequency and/or intensity of storms. This would result in threats to ecosystems, infrastructure and settlements, the tourism industry and human health Patient . [XYZ VULNERABILITY 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Storm-surges and flooding Cause could threaten entire cultures Patient . [XYZ 13IPCCSTABILISATIONDESGAZ 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Rather paradoxically, scientists have now begun to speculate that global warming Cause could threaten the present course and intensity of the Gulf Stream Patient . [XYZ ENCY 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Loss of important habitats (wetlands, tundra, isolated habitats) Cause would threaten some species , including rare/endemic species and migratory birds Patient . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

In some scenarios, total tropospheric O3 Cause would become as important a radiative forcing agent as CH4 and, over much of the Northern Hemisphere, would threaten the attainment of current air quality targets Patient . [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

A warmingof 1° C Cause would threaten the survival of species that currently are growing near the upper limit of their temperature range Patient , notably in marginal alpine regions and in the southwest of Western Australia Location . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

A sea-level riseof 1 m Cause would threaten certain coastal areas - for example, the Japanese coastal zone, on which 50 per cent of Japan 's industrial production is located (e.g., Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya); Patient in addition, about 90 per cent of the remaining sandy beaches in Japan would be in danger of disappearing. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Lower water levels Cause would threaten shoreline wetlands that provide important fish habit Patient and result in degraded water quality. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Land degradation problems and limited water supplies Cause restrict present agricultural productivity and threaten the food security of some countries Patient . [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Reduced sea ice cover Cause will benefit some ocean species, such as whales, that need access to open water, but will threaten species such as seals and polar bears that rely on the presence of ice Patient . [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Rising saltwater levels Cause could also Manner threaten freshwater supplies, drainage systems and sewage treatment systems Patient . [XYZ 3CANADAENVIRON 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

For example, in Mpumalanga province of South Africa, expansion of commercial plantations (Eucalyptus sp. and pines) Cause has led to significant declines in several endemic and threatened species of grassland birds and entire suppression of ground flora Patient . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 TK MCLH 19/07/2012 ]

Canada 's temperate forests Patient could be threatened with increased fire risk as well as extended duration of the annual fire season due to drying mid-latitude climate Cause . [XYZ 3CANADAENVIRON 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Crop production and aquaculture Patient would be threatened by thermal and water stresses, sea-level rise, increased flooding, and strong winds associated with intense tropical cyclones Cause (high confidence). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

In desert ecosystems, increased frequency of droughts may result in a decline in local forage around oases Cause , causing mass mortality among local fauna and threatening their existence Patient . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

The coastal nations of west and central Africa (e.g., Senegal, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola) have low-lying lagoonal coasts that Patient are susceptible to erosion and hence are threatened by sea-level rise Cause , particularly because most of the countries in this area have major and rapidly expanding cities on the coast. [XYZ 7IPCCREGION 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Canada 's temperate forests Patient could be threatened with increased fire risk Cause as well as extended duration of the annual fire season due to drying mid-latitude climate. [XYZ 5CANADAENVIRON 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

Yet nearly half Europe 's bird species Patient are threatened by extinction or serious decline Cause . [XYZ 1EUROPAENV 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Protecting nature and biodiversity is important, not just because of the pleasure we can derive from our natural environment but, above all, because our food supplies Patient are threatened by desertification, and by the loss of plant and animal species and of genetic diversity Cause . [XYZ 1EUROPAENV 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Populations of many species Patient already Time are threatened and are expected to be placed at greater risk by the synergy between the stresses of changing climate, rendering portions of current habitat unsuitable, and land-use change that fragments habitats Cause . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

Northern Europe is likely to experience overall positive effects, whereas some agricultural production systemsin southern Europe Patient may be threatened (medium confidence; established but incomplete evidence). [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 TK 19/07/2012 ]

For example, in Mpumalanga province of South Africa, expansion of commercial plantations (Eucalyptus sp. and pines) has led to significant declines in several endemic and threatened species of grassland birds Patient and suppression of ground flora. [XYZ IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

The irreparable loss of unique and threatened ecosystems Patient . Such ecosystems include tropical glaciers, coral reefs, mangroves and biodiversity hotspots. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

The potential mitigation and socio-economic benefits of modern bioenergy technologies are large, but without appropriate site selection and management practices biodiversity Patient could be threatened. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

Species such as walrus, seals, and polar bears Patient will be threatened; while others, such as fish, may flourish. [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

It is estimated that one of every three known threatened plants Patient are island endemics while 23 % of bird species found on islands are threatened. [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

Climate change will add to these pressures for many threatened and vulnerable species Patient . [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 25/03/2014 ]

Hence, the number of species Patient threatened by extinction Cause may rise significantly. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

The number of animals Patient threatened with extinction Cause varies by region (see Table 2). [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 MCLH 25/03/2014 ]

Where are the most intense Degree thunderstorms on Earth Location ? [XYZ WH1AR5CH 0 MCLH 30/03/2014 ]

SREX highlighted studies such as those of Brooks and Dotzek (2008), who found significant variability but no clear trend in the past 50 years in severe Degree thunderstorms in a region east of the Rocky Mountains in the USA Location . [XYZ WG1AR5BS 0 MCLH 30/03/2014 ]

On most farms there was a clear labour division between men and women: the tasks involving machinery, soil Patient tillage and movement of heavy loads were done by the men, while the women participated in manual work (sowing, planting, weeding and harvest and post-harvest). [XYZ Innovation 0 MCLH 18/01/2019 ]

Some recent disasters include an unusually large Expanse tornado that struck Edmonton Location in 1987 Time killing 27 people and injuring 253, a 1991 Calgary hailstorm that caused 340 million in damages, The Saguenay flood of 1996 which cost the Canadian economy more than 1 billion dollars in damages, the 1997 Red River flood and the 1998 ice storm, the costliest weather event in Canadian history with property damage exceeding $ 5 billion. [XYZ 3CANADAENVIRON 0 SB MCLH 23/03/2014 ]

Furthermore if the wastewater contains high levels of heavy metals and toxic chemicals Material , these may have to be removed before wastewater disposal. [XYZ WASTEWATER TREATMENT 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Take care of hazardous/ toxic substances contained in e-waste Material in an environmentally sound manner while preventing secondary and tertiary emissions. [XYZ EWASTE.UNEP 0 AS MCLH 06/05/2015 ]

Large numbers are already destroyed due to water storage; hydroelectric and irrigation schemes; dams, weirs, and river management works; de-snagging and channelization; changes to flow, water level, and thermal regimes; toxic pollution Material and destruction of nursery and spawning or breeding areas; and use of wetlands for agriculture. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

On a more local level, uncontrolled discarding or inappropriate waste management/recycling generates significant hazardous emissions, with severe impacts on health and environment. In this context, three levels of toxic emissions Material have to be distinguished: [XYZ EWASTE.UNEP 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

B100 use could also increase nitrogen oxides emissions, although it greatly reduces other toxic emissions Material . All these issues can be handled, but currently B100 use might be best for professional fleets with maintenance departments prepared to deal with this fuel. [XYZ EERE 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Clean Production is a way of designing products and manufacturing processes in harmony with natural ecological cycles. It aims to eliminate toxic wastes Material and inputs and promotes the sustainable use of renewable energy and materials. [XYZ Clean Production Action 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Heavy metals and toxic chemicals Material are difficult to remove from sludge. Preventing these chemicals from entering the wastewater or sludge should be the aim of wastewater management for sludge intended for reuse in agriculture or horticulture. [XYZ WASTEWATER TREATMENT 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Conversion of sludge, which is heavily contaminated by heavy metals or toxic chemicals Material , to oil is technically feasible (Enersludge process). [XYZ WASTEWATER TREATMENT 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Nuclear wastes are neither particularly hazardous nor hard to manage relative to other toxic industrial wastes Material . [XYZ RADIOACTIVE WM 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Any toxic compounds (e.g., pesticides) that are in the digester feedstock material Material may become concentrated in the effluent. Therefore, it is important to test the effluent before using it on a large scale. [XYZ EERE 0 AS MCLH 06/05/2015 ]

Warmer climates also increase the risk of food poisoning due to enhanced microbial activity or the occurrence of toxic algae blooms Material in marine environments. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Some marine-disease organisms and algal species, including those associated with toxic blooms Material , are strongly influenced by one or more of these factors. [XYZ 2IPCCBIODIVERSITE 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Since sludge for landfilling usually contains heavy metals or toxic chemicals Material , lining of the landfill with clay or plastic liner may be required to prevent contamination of groundwater. [XYZ WASTEWATER.TREATMENT 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Ethanol—an alcohol—is made primarily from the starch in corn grain. It is most commonly used as an additive to petroleum-based fuels to reduce toxic air emissions Material and increase octane. Today, roughly half of the gasoline sold in the United States includes 5%-10% ethanol. [XYZ EERE 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Exposure to toxic substances Material , particularly if production facilities become as commonplace as landfill sites or natural gas-fired electricity generating stations. [XYZ RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

The wind developer must be responsible for any spills of hazardous or toxic materials associated with the wind development, such as gearbox oil, transformer oil, fibreglass, electronics Material , and so on. [XYZ CANWEA 0 AS MCLH 06/05/2015 ]

Using the prioritization it becomes clear how and which trade-offs can be made while keeping all attributes included in the evaluation. However, no trade-offs should be made with respect to toxic emissions Material into the environment. [XYZ EWASTE.UNEP 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

This policy could extend to a total ban; for example, the discharge of a toxic product Material into a freshwater body. For such types of pollution, the external costs to the community are far greater than the advantages gained by the polluter, in which case the government simply outlaws such conduct. [XYZ JACLET.EN 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

Standard copper smelters or hydrometallurgical (leaching) plants however, are not advisable for circuit board treatment due to inadequate handling of toxic substances (such as lead, cadmium or organics) Material and lower metal yields. [XYZ EWASTE.UNEP 0 AS 06/05/2015 ]

The motor Agent transforms electrical energy Patient into mechanical energy, which provides some measure of torque to the wheels Result . [XYZ ELECTRIFICATION ROADMAP 0 MCLH 28/10/2014 ]

FCEVs are by definition less efficient than electric vehicles, although they are much more efficient than ICEs, due to the onboard fuel cell Agent transforming the hydrogen Patient into electricity Result to power the electric motor Purpose . [XYZ CLEANTRANSPORT 0 MCLH 28/10/2014 ]

Hence, a system is presented that Agent continuously Duration transforms solar energy Patient into energy-rich biogas and electricity Result . [XYZ SCHAMPHELAIRE 0 ZJ 03/04/2014 ]

One way to overcome some of these limitations is to transform biomass Patient into solid pellets Result . [XYZ CANMETENERGY 0 ZJ 03/04/2014 ]

In practice, about 40–60 % of algal volatile matter Patient is transformed into biogas Result . [XYZ SCHAMPHELAIRE 0 ZJ 03/04/2014 ]

The concentrated radiation Patient is then Time transformed into thermal energy Result at temperatures ranging from around 200 to over 1000° (depending on the system) Value . [XYZ FMET 0 ZJ MCLH 03/04/2014 ]

Therefore, by contributing to the "greening" of personal transportation, public Patient transit and freight transportation, the Transportation Electrification Strategy will make a major contribution to the reduction of GHG emissions in Québec. [XYZ GouvduQC.Strategy 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

Such places are characterized by dense land development and good public transit. Such places are characterized by dense land development and good Manner public Patient transit. [XYZ ElectricTraction 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

[...] security costs to protect the U.S. supply and transit of foreign oil Patient , and found estimates ranging from $29 to $143 billion per year. [XYZ EVgridIntegration 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

For the other modes of public Patient transit such as city buses, school buses or coaches, new technologies are either in the pipeline or at the demonstration stage. [XYZ GouvduQC.Strategy 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

In addition to this infrastructure, EV owners enjoy other benefits such as free public parking, free Descriptor ferry Instrument transit [...]. [XYZ GouvduQC.Strategy 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

First, the government and Hydro-Québec will increase the number of charging stations accessible to plug-in electric vehicles Instrument while in transit, mainly on major roadways. [XYZ GouvduQC.Strategy 0 MCLH 13/06/2014 ]

Atmospheric motions (winds) Cause are important for transporting heat and moisture Patient and moderating temperatures in both polar and equatorial regions. [XYZ 10IPCCMODELE 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

The mean radiation balance for each band of latitude allows us to determine the amount of heat that Patient must be transported by the ocean-atmosphere couple Cause . [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Furthermore, since atmospheric moisture Patient is also transported horizontally Manner by air currents Cause , the precipitation patterns that emerge around the Earth are also influenced by the global atmospheric circulation patterns. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

In the Atlantic, heat Patient is transported by warm surface waters flowing northward and cold saline waters from the North Atlantic returning at depth Cause . [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

The ocean Cause transports about half of this heat Patient via shallow and deep currents collectively known as the ocean conveyor belt Path (thermohaline circulation, see figure). [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Left: the warm surface water of the North Atlantic flows northward (red lines), replacing the southbound flow of cold, deep water (blue lines) . This Cause transports heat Patient northward Destination , warming the winds blowing eastward over Europe (large red arrow). [XYZ AWORLDOFSCIENCE 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Examples include significant slowing of the ocean circulation that Cause transports warm water Patient to the North Atlantic Destination , large reductions in the Greenland and West Antarctic Ice Sheets, accelerated global warming due to carbon cycle feedbacks in the terrestrial biosphere, and releases of terrestrial carbon from permafrost regions and methane from hydrates in coastal sediments. [XYZ GREENFACTS 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Currently, coastal erosion of muddy coastlines in Asia is not a result of sea-level rise; it is triggered largely by annual river-borne suspended sediments Patient transported into the ocean Destination by human activities and delta evolution Cause . [XYZ 3IPCCCONSEQUENCE 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

The long time-scale is characteristic of the weak diffusion and slow circulation processes that Cause transport heat Patient into the deep ocean Destination . [XYZ 11IPCCBILAN2001 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

In addition, emissions from supersonic aircraft in the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere Patient may be transported to the Southern Hemisphere Destination where they cause ozone depletion. [XYZ 1IPCCAVIATION 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

These bicarbonates Patient are soluble and are transported via rivers Path downstream Direction to the coasts Destination where they are deposited on ocean floors as sediment. [XYZ ENCY 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Oceans Cause , which play a major role in transporting heat Patient from one part of the globe Source to another Destination , were described in a highly simplified fashion, and their interactions with the atmosphere were represented only in a very generalized way. [XYZ 1CANADACCD 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

Much of this background ozone Patient is transported down Destination from the upper atmosphere (the stratosphere) Source , where it is produced directly from a reaction between oxygen and solar radiation. [XYZ 5CANADAICC 0 MCLH 22/08/2013 ]

higher speed and improved logistics leads to an increase in the share of rail in freight Patient transportation and a consequent reduction of the other [XYZ CLEANTRANSPORT 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

The Assistance Program to Reduce or Avoid Greenhouse Gas Emissions Through Intermodal Transport seeks to reduce or avoid GHG emissions produced by freight and passenger Patient transportation by implementing intermodal projects and promoting marine and rail services. [XYZ GOUVDUQC STRATEGY 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

The GCVs discussed above are all forms of public Patient transportation and lack the numerous advantages of the personal automobile. [XYZ ELECTRIC TRACTION 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

Final energy demand, for private Patient transportation, declines by 62% between 2005 and 2050[...]. [XYZ CleanTransport 0 MCLH 17/06/2014 ]

Equally important are the actions supporting bicycle Instrument transportation and pedestrian movement as well as limitations on mobility resulting from integrated spacial planning. [XYZ TROLLEY 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

It should be emphasized that the inclination of the curve depicting the overall cost of trolleybus Instrument transportation (red curve) is smaller than that of the blue curve. [XYZ TROLLEY 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

Most vehicles Instrument are used for transportation an hour or two a day. [XYZ STATUS ISSUES 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

For small quantities it is an option only in remote areas, where the transportation of the gas Patient through other means Instrument is also expensive Descriptor . [XYZ TRANSPORT 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]

Encouraging use of electric vehicles Instrument for personal Patient transportation [XYZ GOUVDUQC STRATEGY 0 MCLH 16/06/2014 ]